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状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它能够修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。通过其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也能够由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时能够不用逗号隔开。
1. 状语从句虽然有完整的主谓结构,却是不能独立的从句。
2. 状语从句它由从属连词引导成为整个句子一个不可缺少的部分。
3. 考查的热点有条件、时间、地点、让步等状语从句的连接词词义辨析.
4. 动词的时态呼应、状语从句的省略等。
5. 题干结构呈交叉和综合特征,选项设计多从定语从句和名词性从句的角度开展思维干扰。
一般状况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。比如:
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我到北京就将给你打电话。
(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时,表示一般将来时,绝不可用will arrive)
As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home. 我一完成此工作,就回家。
(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished,表示将来完成时,绝不可用will have finished)
If he comes back, please let me know.假如他回来了,请通知我。
(从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时,绝不可用will come back)
状 语 从 句 | 连 接 词 |
时间状语从句 | 常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as(一……就……), while, before, after, since , till, until。 特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, barely scarcely … when(一……就……),each time, the first(首要次), last time。every time(每次), |
地点状语从句 | 常用引导词:where。 特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere |
原因状语从句 | 常用引导词:because, since, as, since。特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, in as much as, |
条件状语从句 | 常用引导词:if, unless,。 特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that。 |
让步状语从句 | 常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though。 特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever。 |
结果状语从句 | 常用引导词:so … that, so… that, such … that,。 特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that。 |
方式状语从句 | 常用引导词:as, as if, how。 特殊引导词:the way |
目的状语从句 | 常用引导词:so that, in order that。 特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that。 |
比较状语从句 | 常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)。 特殊引导词:the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B |
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