中考英语知识归纳汇总

这篇文章小编给大家总结归纳了中考英语的重要知识点，接下来分享具体内容，供参考。

主谓一致

1.语法一致的原则

(1)以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：He goes to school early every morning.

(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right.

(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.

(4)主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.

(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：A lot of people are dancing outside.

(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：Is everybody ready?

(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.

2.意义一致的原则

(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Twenty years is not a long time.

(2)有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员，则用复数。例如：My family is big one.

(3)不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如：All of the work has been finished.

(4)疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如：Who is your brother?

(5)“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women.

各类时态的语法

1.一般现在时：表示经常、反复发生的动作或行为

We study hard at school every day.我们每天在学校努力学习

The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转

2.一般过去时：表示在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作

What?did?you?do?during?the?last?summer?vocation??你去年暑假做了什么?

Bob saw a movie before。鲍勃已经看过电影了。

3.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事

We are going to Shanghai next Monday.下周一我们去上海

I will go to the movies. 我要去看电影

4.现在进行时：表示在说话时或现阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态

They are playing basketball now. 他们正在打篮球

She is preparing her lessons now. 她现在正在预习功课.

5.现在完成时 ：表示在说话时结束的某一动作或状态

I have just turned off the light. 我刚刚把灯关上.

He has done a lot of work. 他干了许多工作。

6.现在完成进行时：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来

She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试前一直患重感冒.

How long have you been reading this book?这本书你读了多久了?

倒装句

1.全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

2.部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。