初中英语it 的用法知识点(一)
代词it,在初中英语中几乎处处都有它的位置。可见,it虽小用处很大。现将其用法归纳如下:
1.用来代替前面提到过的人或事。
What’s this?It’s a bus.
2.指人时可作为指示代词看待,一般不必译出。
Who is knocking at the door?It’s me.
Who is it?It’s me.
3.指天气状况等。
It is going to rain. It’s rather cold now.
It’s very cold today.
4.指时间。
It’s Sunday again.
It’s eight o’clock in the morning.
It’s five years since I saw you last.
5.指距离。
It’s only five minutes’ walk now.
It is 6 miles to the museum.
Is it very far to the cable office?
6.指环境状况等。
It was very noisy at the moment.
7.泛指一般情形,或依上下文可以领会的事物,有的属于习惯用法,无法确定其含义。
That’s it!对啦! So it seems.好像是这样。
That’s the best of it!那比较好了! Keep at it!继续干!
8.用来代替小孩和婴儿。
The child smiled when it saw its mother.
9.代替整个句子。
You have saved my life.I shall never forget it.
10.作形式主语,使句子不至于“头重脚轻”。
It’s good to see all my teacher sand friends again.
It’s interesting to climb hills.
It’s a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
11.也可以作形式宾语。
She found it very difficult to answer the question.
初中英语it 的用法知识点(二)
(2011天津.1)We feel _____our duty to make our country a better place。
A.it B.this C.that D.one 选A
(2011江西.25)Why don’t you bring ____ to his attention that you are too ill to work on?
A.that B.it C.this D.him 选B
(2007天津.1) 1.He didn’t make____clear when and where the meeting would be held。
A.his B.that C.it D.these 选C
(2009四川.3)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy ______。
A.one B.it C.this D.that 选B
规律:当三个代词it,this,that同时出现在单项选择题中时,大多数情况下选择it。
个别情况可能为that或the one,如:(2010陕西.12)The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than____in any other area of the city。
A.that B.this C.it D.one 选A
分析:该题中that指代前面的the cost,因为前后两个cost分指两个地方的,所以不是同一物,故不能选it,但这种题在高考中出现较少,因为该知识点属于初中范畴。
虽然存在上面这种特殊情况,但是因为it适用范围广泛,按照大概率原理,前面的规律依然成立。现在我们归纳一下去年天津高考中有关it的考查:
it作普通指示代词,可以指天气、时间等,也可以指代前面提到过的具体事物或事件。
如:2011天津阅读理解A篇 You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy。(it指“在房东家里款待朋友”这件事)
it作形式主、宾语,如: (2011天津.5)Although regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime。(it作形式主语)而在上面2011天津.1和 2007天津.1两题中,it均作形式宾语。
it用于强调句型“It is/ was +被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子剩余部分”,如:2011天津完型填空It was years later that I finally understood what role modeling played in your life。(强调时间状语years later)
it在固定句式中,如:2011天津阅读理解B篇 It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. (It struck sb that…是英语中一个很有用的句式,其意为“某人突然感到(觉得)……”,后三个it均指代challenge。)
由此不难看出,对it的考查遍及高考英语所有题型,甚至写作中同学们也可以借助它写一些能给作文辅导的句子,例如:
It is no good (use) doing sth. “做……没用”
It is no wonder that“难怪……;……也不足为奇”
It takes sb +时间、金钱+to do sth. “做……要花费某人时间或金钱”
It is likely that… “很有可能会……”
It +is +(high) time that 从句 “该干某事了”
在一结构中从句须用should +动词原形(should 不能省略)或动词过去式
It is +形容词+of/for sb to do sth。
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出,主句中的形容词必须是描述人的形容词。常见的有: careless, cruel, lazy, modest等;如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的,主句的形容词通常是描述事情的形容词,如:important,necessary,natural,easy等。
It is + 时间 + 连词 (that,since,before,when)方法:首要步,优先假定选that,则该句子为强调句,去掉it is 和 that 看剩下的句子是否在意思和语法上均完整。如果完整,则假定成立;反之,不选that。第二步,若为时间点,则选when,如half past two;若为时间段,则考虑since和before。其中before翻译成“才,就”,since译为“自从”。
编辑:tt