介词加关系代词引导的定语从句

介词加关系代词引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体。直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。

“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句

1.由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。

如：This is the man to whom I referred.我指的便是这个人。

This is the man (whom) I referred to.我指的便是这个人。

2.直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which,whom也可换成that,who，或者省略。

如：这是一个我们讨论了很多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that，也不能省略)

This is a subject which we have talked about a lot.这是一个我们讨论了很多的问题。(which能够换成that，也能够省略)

3.关系副词when,where,why通过状况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。

如：That is the day when[=on which]he was born.那便是他出生的日子。

That is the house where[=in which]he lived.那便是他住过的房子。

That is the reason why[=for which]he must apologize.那便是他必须道歉的原因。

4.在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。如：在那儿小朋友们有个玩耍的花园。正：There the children had a garden in which to play.(很正式)

正：There the children had a garden in which they could play.(较正式)

正：There the children had a garden to play in.(较口语化)

注：这类“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放到句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.

“介词+关系代词”的结构

1.“介词+ which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where和why。如：

①I still remember the day on which (=when) I first came to school.我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。

②The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one.我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。

2.“介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，关系分句主谓常须倒装。如：

①They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy.他们来到一处农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。

②I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird.我看见一个人，他的头上有一只鸟。

3.“不定代词或数词+ of + which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。如：

①China has a lot of islands, one of which is Diaoyu.中国有很多岛屿，其中之一是钓鱼岛。

②There are a lot of students here, none of whom like the film.这里有很多学生，他们之中无人喜欢这部电影。

4.“介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作目的、方式或地点状语。如：

①Could you tell me for whom you’ve bought this coat? 你能告知我这件衣服是给谁买的吗？

②The man, from whom I learned the news,is an engineer.这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里获得这个消息的。

5.“介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”用于被动结构的关系分句中，作状语，说明动作的执行者。如：

①The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot.伤害羊的那只狼被打死了。

②The man by whom the wolf was shot was a good hunter.打死狼的那人是一个好猎手。

6.“名词+of which”代替“whose+名词”在关系分句中作定语。如：

①I saw some trees,the leaves of which (= whose leaves ) were black with disease.我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黑。

②He mentioned a book, the title of which (= whose title) I’ve forgotten.他提到一本书，书名我忘了。

7.“介词+which（指物）/whose（指人）”修饰后边的名词。如：

①It rained all night and all day, during which time the ship broke into pieces.雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。

②The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps.司机便是那个男人，她从他的房间偷走地图。

8.“介词+which+不定式”。此种用法多见于正文体中，相当于一个带有主语和谓语的定语从句。如：

She had only 1.87 with which to buy (=she could buy) Jim,her husband,a present.她只有一元八角七分钱，用这些钱她给丈夫吉姆买一件礼物。

好了，关于介词加关系代词引导的定语从句这个问题学好网陆林就为大家介绍到这里了，希望对你有所帮助，若还有更多疑问，可以点击右下角咨询哦！本文是学好网整理汇编，请勿转载，以尊重我站编辑人员劳动成果及版权。如有转载，我方将追究法律责任。若有侵权，请联系网站负责人删除。