2020-09-18 07:00:21 | 阅读:142
状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。
状语从句的分类:
(1)时间状语从句
凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有when,before,after,until,as soon as,while 等。
(2)条件状语从句
主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“假如”,引导条件状语从句时,表示如果有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。比如:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go there by bike.假如明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里。
If I get there early,I can see the doctor quickly.假如我早早地到那里,我就能够快点看病。
(3)地点状语从句用法要点
常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)eg.
Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国比较需要的地区去。
(4)原因状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有because,as和since,三者的区别是:在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放到主句之前,而because的从句常放到主句之后。eg.
Why did you go? I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去?那是由于汤姆叫我去。
He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.
他很生气不是由于我们来迟了,而是由于我们弄出了声音。
As it was raining hard,we had to be indoors. 因为雨太大,我们只好呆在家里。
Since you feel ill,you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服,你比较好不要去上班了。
(5)目的状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有so that,that和in order that译为:以便,为了,目的是。eg.
Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点,以便我们能作具体笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记。
I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到。
注:目的状语从句能够用动词不定式来替换做目的状语。eg.
We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍认真工作以在一周内完成工作。
条件状语从句语法引导条件状语从句比较常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
1) If you ask him,he will help you.
假如你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
2) If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.
假如你考试不及格,你会让他失望的
if引导的条件状语从句既能够将从句放前面也能够将从句放后面
(假如天下雨,我们就不玩了)If it rains,we will stop playing.'转为We will stop playing if it rains.
if引导的条件状语从句同时,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也便是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:If I were you,I would invite him to the party.假如我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.假如没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。
别的连词引导条件状语从句:
1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.假如你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常开展。
2、on condition(that)...在……条件下,假如 on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或条件。
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我能够告知你真相,条件是你答应保密。
You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才能够下水游泳。
3、supposing conj.假如,如果 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。
Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do then?如果出了什么问题,你准备如何对付?
4、provided conj.如果,除非,以……为条件 provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件。
He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.假如我们提出更的条件,他便会在合同上签字。
He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.假如我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。
从以上例句能够看出if,unless,on condition (that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。
但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
如:but for若非,要不是
But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey.
要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很开心。
But for your help,we should not have finished in time.
要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务
经典语句:If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
If you open the door,i will come in.
条件状语从句便是用以表示"在某种条件下,会……"常用if,in case,on condition等词来引导
连接词主要有 if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing 等..
主句用一般将来时,if或unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。
【注:在条件状语从句中,绝大数状况下some要变为any。】
unless = if...not.
e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tired,let's go out for a walk.
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种:
真实条件句
如:If it rains tomorrow,we won't go on a park
非真实条件句是虚拟语气的一种,表示与事实相反,如:
If I were you,I would go with him.
so/as long as只要
由as (so) long as,in case引导。
So long as you're happy,it doesn't matter what you do.
只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁,你就能够把我的书借去。
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。
主句与从句时态一致的问题。
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种状况:
1. 若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词,或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。比如:
Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。
Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 假如你们有问题要问的话,请举手。
The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。
2. 若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去,那么主从句都能够用一般过去时。比如:
She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候便会唱歌。
注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词,从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则](主将从现,将并非指将来时,还指表示将来含义的,跟着if后的那句话是从句。
状语从句的类型和用法都有什么陆林就先为大家讲解到这里了,希望可以帮到你些,若还有更多疑问,可以点击右下角咨询哦!我相信,每个同学都想向张海迪一样,努力勤奋,为祖国做出贡献。其实,这并不难,在我们学习气馁的时候,不要灰心,记住,风雨过后总是彩虹!在我们学习突飞猛进的时候,不要骄傲,记住,虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后
学大教育
学大教育
学大教育
学大教育